เรื่อง: Challenges to modern peacekeeping and its implications to Singapore and the role of the militaries in Asia-Pacific
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หมวดหมู่:
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งานวิจัย
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มิติ:
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มิติการทูต/Diplomacy
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พื้นที่/ขอบเขต:
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ภายในประเทศ/Domestic/Local
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ผู้เขียน:
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วิทยาลัยป้องกันราชอาณาจักร, Col. Poh Boon Hock
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หน่วยงานเจ้าของ:
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วิทยาลัยป้องกันราชอาณาจักร
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ปีที่พิมพ์:
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2559
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จำนวนหน้า:
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การเปิดเผยข้อมูล:
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สาธารณะ
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บทคัดย่อ:
-
abstract:
Abstract
Title : Challenges to modern peacekeeping and its
implications to Singapore and the role of the
militaries in Asia-Pacific
Field : Strategy
Name : Colonel POH, Boon Hock, Singapore
Course : NDC Class 59
Following the formal end of the Cold War, the world has been
rocked by a series of events unexpectedly: the 1991 Gulf War, the
collapse of Somalia, the brutalisation of Bosnia, the genocide of Rwanda
– and many others. The traditional United Nations (UN) peacekeeping,
which focused narrowly on conflict containment, was repeatedly unable
to ascertain success in upholding the peace. With the mounting
international pressure, the UN undertook self-examination initiatives to
assess and overcome shortcomings of the existing outdated system.
The ‘Brahimi’ Report managed to assess the shortcomings of
existing UN system and propelled the UN and Member States alike into ii
the peacekeeping reformative journey. The report as well as subsequent
debates and seminars had surfaced numerous challenges and
recommendations which dealt with the strategic direction, doctrine and
training, and rapid deployment; and had consequential effect on role of
military of troop-contributing Member States.
These wide-ranging challenges faced by modern peacekeeping
have profound impact on regional organisations and militaries of Asian
countries. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) took lead to
orchestrate peacekeeping knowledge-sharing and practical cooperation in
the region. India, Malaysia and Thailand had established peace training
institutions to formalise and revolutionise peacekeepers training, while
Japan had started to follows suit.
Singapore was not spared from this calling for change.
Disproportionately to its small size and limitations, Singapore has a
relatively significant history of volunteering troops for UN peacekeeping
missions. The motivations for the Singapore’s troop contributions ranges
from affording operational experiences for the Singapore Armed Forces
(SAF) to demonstrating its competence while preventing unrest spillover
since Singapore resides in a region where two of the largest UN peace iii
operations have been undertaken: in Cambodia and Timor Leste.
However, the SAF has to contend with several tensions when committing
resources to UN peacekeeping missions. These include the dichotomy of
the need for the UN and defending national sovereignty, and the need to
fulfill responsibilities as a global citizen and optimising the limited
resources of a small nation. The SAF must also consider the extent of
value-adding to the peacekeeping mission, the training of its military
peacekeepers as well as the limitations of conscript forces operating in
high risk environment.
In sum, this research studied the challenges of modern peace
operations in today’s changing concept of security; examined the impact
of these challenges on role of militaries in Asia-Pacific; and evaluated the
impact of these challenges on Singapore’s contributions to peacekeeping
effort.
