เรื่อง: แนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาผู้หลบหนีเข้าเมืองโดยผิดกฎหมาย (Illegal Immigrant) จากสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนเกาหลี (เกาหลีเหนือ)
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หมวดหมู่:
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งานวิจัย
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มิติ:
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มิติการทูต/Diplomacy
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พื้นที่/ขอบเขต:
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ภายในประเทศ/Domestic/Local
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ผู้เขียน:
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วิทยาลัยป้องกันราชอาณาจักร, พลตรี สมนึก เอนกวัฒน์
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หน่วยงานเจ้าของ:
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วิทยาลัยป้องกันราชอาณาจักร
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ปีที่พิมพ์:
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2556
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จำนวนหน้า:
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การเปิดเผยข้อมูล:
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สาธารณะ
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บทคัดย่อ:
-
abstract:
ABSTRACT
Title Approaches in Solving the Problem of North Korean Illegal Immigrants to Thailand
Field Strategy
Name Major General Somnuek Anakwat Course NDC Class 56
The objectives of this research paper are to study factors that are causing the defection of North
Koreans to Thailand, their escape routes, and to recommend approaches in solving the problem of this illegal
migrations. The finding indicates that the cause of this defection falls into two categories; 1) Push factor
emerging from undesirable living conditions under the regime of the ruling communist government, and
2) Pull factor resulting from North Koreans learning about liberalism of the outside world. Escape routes to
Thailand by land and waterway are presented in details in this paper. Many defectors cross the border to China,
transit through Laos or Myanmar, and head to Chaingrai Province in northern Thailand. It was found that
R3A (China-Laos-Thailand) has been the preferred route over R3B (China-Myanmar-Thailand). Waterway
route starts from Jinghong, in China, boating along Mekong river to Chiangrai via Laos. The alternative route
is to travel from China to Wa’s influenced area in north Myanmar, then embark on a vessel to Laos via
Mekong river and finally across the border to Chiangrai. Three recommended approaches are also described as
the solutions to the problem. Firstly, ”upstream” problem solving which directly involve North Korean
government’s effort to improve its economy and living standards of the people. Tensions and conflicts in the
Korean Peninsula have to be settled via trust and confidence among the countries concerned. Constructive
engagement is also required by the world communities. Secondly, ” midstream” problem solving is related to
close cooperation from relevant countries along the mentioned escape routes. These can be seen in the forms of
intelligence exchange, tightening security in border areas, interception of illegal immigrants, improvement in
immigration process, and identifying and destroying human trafficking organizations along the routes. Thirdly,
“downstream” problem solving is the direct responsibility of the Thai government; to prevent illegal
immigrants from entering the country and enforcing and amending the existing laws. Public understanding of
the issue in terms of national security and legal process for the wrongdoers are also necessary in order to seek
assistance from personnel and authorities concerned. Further research in this topic is to focus on the study to
identify human trafficking organizations along the escape routes and inside Thailand.
