เรื่อง: การเพิ่มความร่วมมือเพื่อความมั่นคงทางการทหารของประเทศชั้นนำในภูมิภาคอาเซียน
|
|
หมวดหมู่:
|
งานวิจัย
|
มิติ:
|
มิติการเมือง/Politics
|
พื้นที่/ขอบเขต:
|
ภายในประเทศ/Domestic/Local
|
ผู้เขียน:
|
วิทยาลัยป้องกันราชอาณาจักร, พลเรือตรี สุกิตติ เสงี่ยมพงษ์
|
หน่วยงานเจ้าของ:
|
วิทยาลัยป้องกันราชอาณาจักร
|
ปีที่พิมพ์:
|
2557
|
จำนวนหน้า:
|
|
การเปิดเผยข้อมูล:
|
สาธารณะ
|
|
บทคัดย่อ:
-
abstract:
ABSTRACT
Title Development of Thailand’s Power under the Principle of Salt-Sufficiency
Economy
Field Strategy
Name Rear Admiral Sukitti Sa-ngiemphong
Background of the Problem
No one can deny that the sea is very important. Rich in natural resources,
the sea is also a medium of transportations, communications and cultural exchanges.
In the colonial era, the sea was the means for powerful countries to project their
influences ashore. Western powers used the sea to assert their controls on colonies
around the world. Today when colonization is out of date, the importance of the sea
still continues unabated. Various significant resources especially oil and natural gas
are found under the sea. Very large amount of goods, energy and raw materials are
transported by ships to ports all over the world each day, for transportation by sea
costs much less than by other mediums. Therefore, competition on the sea among
nations is hardly avoidable.
Since the sea can bring enormous prosperity to a country, it is only natural
that the sea becomes a plyground for both competitions and conflicts among nations.
Each country naturally tries to secure its use of the sea for its own wealth and power
while denying others of the same. As a result, every country develops its Sea Power
as a national tool for sea control. Sea Power of each country may vary due to various
factors such as its geographic position, its coastal conformation, characteristics of
the people, and the most important is the government’s policies. History confirms that
a strong Sea Power results in economic well-being, formidable military power and
potential diplomatic power.
Thailiand benefits much from the sea ranging from fisheries which ranks
in the top ten of the world, to import and export where 95% of goods and products
are transported by ships. There are other national incomes related to the sea such
as tourism, seaports, dockyards, etc. These interests need protection against
trasditional military threats that could result from the various conflicts from the
Spatlys and the Paracels issues to maritime border disputes with neighboring countries. There are also emerging threats to sea using including maritime terrorism,
piracy, transnational crimes, arms smuggling and drugs trafficking. Thailand has much
to consider on securing the sea and assuring that she has freedom to use the sea.
If Thailand’s Sea Power is not strong enough to protect these interests, it could mean
great decline in income.
On developing Thailand’s Sea Power, the government is focusing on
the national logistic system. Leam Cha-Bung seaport is aimed to be a world-class
seaport and other Andaman seaport has to be developed. There are also other sectors
to be developed such as the shipbuilding industry. In order to cope with the increasing
threats. However, the development of Sea Power involves risks. To mitigate these risks,
Thailand should develop her Sea Power according to the sufficiency economy principle.
By moving cautiously in step with the country’s growth and taking only reasonable risks,
Thailand’s Sea Power will be sustainable in the long run should any unexpected
difficulties arise.
Objectives of Research
1.To analyze the elements of Sea Power and its limitations on the expansion
of Thailand’s Sea Power.
2.To analyze how to develop Thailand’s Sea Power in the context of
Sufficiency Economy.
Scope of Research
This research aims to study and analyze the elements of Sea Power using
Mahan and other theorists’ concepts of Sea Power and possibly examining other factors
associated with the issue in order to cover all aspects of Sea Power. This research paper
will consider Thailand’s current resources in order to devise a plan to develop Thailand
Sea Power in the context of Sufficiency Economy.
Methodology
This research on the development of Thailand’s Sea Power in the context
of Sufficiency Economy is a descriptive research which will study problems and
limitations that affect the development of Thailand’s Sea Power. The research will also
focus on the most effective use of the sea by analyzing significant theories and case
studies from successful sea using countries in order to come up with the solution to
develop Thailand’s Sea Power in a selfsufficient and sustainable manner.Results
It is found that it is feasible to develop Thailand’s Sea Power in a
self-sufficient manner by developing the following fundamental elements. First,
develop the six elements essential to Sea Power, namely, geographical position,
physical conformation; extend of territory, population, characteristics of the people,
and character of the government. Once the elements are well developed, commercial
fleet and port facilities and shipbuilding industry must then be in place. These
developments should be implemented according to the self-sufficiency principle,
considering the country’s potentials and limitations in geography, economy, and
its people character, and taking acceptable risks. A leading coordinator for the
|development plan should be designated and an independent agency established
who will systematically study all aspects of Sea Power and gives recommendations
to the government. Also good governance should be instilled to curb corruption
which is the cause of high overhead in maritime transportation.
Recommendations
The development of Thailand’s Sea Power in the context of sufficiency
economy should be made a national agenda with a leading agency to coordinate the
efforts. Independent agencies should be established to study systematic all aspects of,
and give recommendations on, of how to use the sea as well as protection of maritime
nationa interests in accordance with the national security policy, national maritime
security policy, economic and social development plan, and interested parties
including the national security council, the ministry of foreign affairs, the ministry of
transportation, the office of economic and social development, and the navy.
The establishing of new agencies such as the Coast Guard requires
substantial budget, and therefore not viable. An alternative can be done by assigning
additional tasks to existing agencies. For example the navy responsible for maritime
defense may be additionally tasked with law enforcement and search and rescue
responsibilities. Also the organization of existing agency such as the National Maritime
interests Protection Agency may be adjusted to enable multipurpose capabilities and
additional roles in protection maritime interests.
